The study aimed to reveal the relationship between separation anxiety among the first grade students in Muscat Governorate and the personal traits of their mothers. The sample of the study was (126) distributed as follows (63) students and (63) mothers. The separation anxiety scale consists of (35) statements, which was prepared by the researchers Dr. Aida Saleh and Dr. Najah Al-Sumairi (2009), and the Eysneck Personality questionnaire, which was translated by Dr. Antonius Mikhael. The researcher applied the two scales on the sample of the study in the form of an individual interview for the students and mothers in the Omani environment and obtaining high indications of validity and reliability. The study reached a number of results: The prevalence of anxiety was 44% for the two genders which indicates the existence of the separation anxiety. The study also found that the most common personality traits among mothers in the first rank are the extraversion trait, the second rank is the and the attribute of lying, the third rank is the psychotism personality trait there is significant differences among Neuroticism fourth is the trait of children (males and females) in separation anxiety in favor of females. The results also showed that there is a relationship between the anxiety of separation and the trait of Neuroticism. There are no significant differences between the averages of mothers' response to personality traits according to the age variable.