The current case study critically analyzed the reflective practices of purposefully selected student teachers majoring in teaching Science at College of Education (CoE) at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), faculty members from SQU who teach these student teachers, and field training supervisors from both Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation and Ministry of Education; Considering the two standards documents (InTASC, 2013) and (NSTA, 2020). The current study applied a critical qualitative approach, which adopted a “case study” design. To answer the questions of the current study, data was collected through analyzing two standards documents (InTASC) and (NSTA) and conducting in-depth individual interviews and focus group interviews. To analyze the data, the current study combined critical content analysis and critical thematic analysis based on qualitative analysis as a basis for this analysis. This study finding revealed that the data implicitly addressed different dimensions of reflection, for instance: the concept of reflection its importance, reflection as a practice, employing reflection in teaching as a concept and practice, assessing reflective practices, and the challenges of employing reflective practices. The current study concluded with several recommendations regarding teaching, assessing, and researching in relation to reflection at CoE at SQU, some of which are related to the context and design of the science teacher preparation program, and others related to the timing of implementing reflective practices, while other recommendations were related to evaluating reflective practices and spreading awareness of these reflective practices. The current study also concluded with a several suggestions for future research. Examples include: conducting a longitudinal study to track the development of the level of reflective practices among student teachers. Moreover, the study suggested conducting a comparative study on reflective practices in science teacher preparation programs between colleges of education in various higher education institutions in the Sultanate of Oman and other international universities in order to exchange experience.