The study aims to identify the use of information technology in the special libraries affiliated to the government ministries and establishments in the Sultanate of Oman. It also attempts to explore the main difficulties facing the use of information technology in these libraries and identify the areas related to technology planning and development. The study utilized survey descriptive approach through a questionnaire distributed to 30 special libraries in addition to interviews with a small group of librarians working in the studied libraries. Findings indicate shortage in the number of specialized and qualified librarians in most of the libraries covered by the study. The study also revealed several paucities attributed in general to the lack of suitable infrastructure and modern information technologies, shortages in human resources, low of financial funds and weak recognition by higher administration in the establishments hosting these libraries and the absence of clear vision in most of the libraries included in the current study. The study recommended the need to enhance the professional competencies of librarians and to set an continues training programs to the staff working in this sector and to encourage formation of librarians unions aiming to increase the level of cooperative activities and sharing of resources. The study also recommended the making of standardized criteria or adopt unified international standards and specifications for the specialized libraries which should be adaptable in determining the capabilities of these libraries. In addition, library should undergo for continuous evaluation and planning aiming to raise their standards to a level that can cope with the accelerating technology development