he aim of this study is to identify the reality of practices of school principals in Muscat governorate in the Sultanate of Oman according to the American Excellence Model, a questionnaire was prepared consisting of 42 paragraphs divided into seven axes: leadership, strategic planning, people focus, measurement and analysis and knowledge management, human resources management, operations management and performance results. After verifying its validity and consistency, the questionnaire applied to the study sample, 440 individuals, the most important findings of the study were: 1. The estimates of the sample members of the study about the reality of the practices of school principals in Muscat governorate in the Sultanate of Oman according to the American Excellence Model was in a high practice. 2. According to the sample, there are differences of statistical significance in the reality of the practices due to the the variable sex, for the benefit of female in all axes, and the existence of differences of statistical significance According the estimates of the sample about the reality of the practices due to the variable scientific qualification in strategic planning axe only, for the benefit of Bachelor's degree, and the existence of differences of statistical significance According the estimates of the sample years of service in the axes of leadership, strategic planning and people focus, for the benefit of (6-10 years). There are no statistically significant differences According the sample estimates of the reality of the practices due to the variable of job titel. In the light of the resuts and the findings of the study, a number of proposed actions and recommendations were developed, such as to develop a national model for educational excellence in the Sultanate, or adopting one of the global models of excellence, to support the orientation of excellence and its application in government schools, to design an educational guide for school principals on managing excellence, explaining its foundations and mechanisms for applying it in the educational field, and the role of the school principal in supporting excellence practices in his school, and Spreading the culture of excellence in school work in government schools, and setting up a comprehensive program to familiarize all beneficiaries with the importance of excellence in improving school performance.