This study aims to highlight the importance of the commercial arbitration system as a significant means of resolving disputes, and to illustrate the role of the judiciary in the Sultanate of Oman - represented in its oversight of the proper application of procedures in accordance with the Omani Arbitration Law issued by Royal Decree No. (47/97) and amended according to Royal Decree No. (3/2007) - in determining whether it has an impact on arbitration disputes or if the parties play a significant and influential role. To delve into this topic, this study adopted a descriptive and analytical approach, relying on a comparative method - within a narrow scope - to analyze some of the details under study. The study sought to answer its main questions, which are: What is the role of judicial oversight on the procedures of commercial arbitration before and after the issuance of the arbitration award? After research and investigation, the study reached several results, the most important of which are: The judiciary has a role in overseeing commercial arbitration before the issuance of the arbitration award, and this role lies in: assisting in the formation of the arbitration panel, the possibility of challenging and dismissing the arbitration panel, in addition to the ability to take temporary and precautionary measures, and it has a role and impact in obtaining evidence and incidental matters. In addition to the role of the judiciary in extending the arbitration period and upon its expiration. The study also concluded that the role of the judiciary extends in overseeing commercial arbitration to after the issuance of the arbitration award, and this role is represented in: issuing judgments in lawsuits to annul the arbitration award, oversight associated with the enforcement of arbitration awards in accordance with the law, the supervisory role in enforcing foreign arbitration awards, and issuing an order to enforce the arbitration award.