The purpose of this study was to identify the requirements for developing the performance of school leaders in government schools under the Ministry of Education in light of the Vision 2040 of Oman. To achieve the study's objectives and answer its research questions, the researcher used the descriptive method, considering it the most suitable approach for the study topic. A questionnaire consisting of 28 items was used, and the content validity of the tool. The reliability of the tool was then measured by applying it to a sample survey, followed by calculating the internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha equation.The study population consisted of 80 school management supervisors in the educational directorates under the Ministry of Education. A random sample of 60 school management supervisors was selected. The results showed that the opinions of school management supervisors regarding the importance of the requirements for developing the performance of government school leaders in light of the Vision 2040 of Oman were of high degree. There were no statistically significant differences in the means of the development requirements for the performance of government school leaders attributed to gender and educational qualification. Based on the results, the study presented several recommendations, including enhancing communication and interaction between school leaders and school staff on one hand, and the local and international community on the other hand, using modern technologies. It also recommended the development of training programs and the enhancement of professional, managerial, and personal skills to contribute to achieving the Vision 2040 of Oman. This includes skills in scientific research and dealing with artificial intelligence programs. The study also suggested reviewing the job description of school leaders to align with the objectives and vision of Oman 2040, encouraging school leaders to benefit from modern technologies and research practices, and developing a creative approach to solving the challenges facing schools