The role of leadership in the Oman water sector is of paramount importance due to its impact on employees carrying out their responsibilities with sound professional and productive efficiency. Many previous studies indicated the importance of raising employees' productivity, especially in public service institutions. Furthermore, some OWS reports had supported the importance of paying attention to some motivational factors among employees. Thus, this study aims to examine the impact of the leadership role and motivational factors on employees' productivity in the Oman Water Sector and analyzes the mediating influence of the motivation towards the relationship between leadership role and employees' productivity. Accordingly, four study objectives and four research questions were formulated to reveal this relationship, in addition to developing four-research hypothesis. This study is an exploratory research design based on quantitative research. Thus, based on previous literature related to the research topic, a particular model has been drawn up for this study. It shows the relationship between the independent variable that represented by the leadership role and the dependent variable that defined by employees' productivity. A mediator variable of motivation has been used to analyze its impact between the independent and dependent variables. For this study, a research questionnaire has been prepared using the relevant previous literature and arbitrated by some academic people. The questionnaire was tested by sending it to a sample of the study population. Then, its validity and reliability have been tested by measuring the Alpha Cronbach level, which achieved high grades for all the dimensions included in the questionnaire. The stratified random sampling has been used since the study population consists of two organizations in the Omani water sector. Therefore, 340 responses have collected from the respondents. This study used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 to test the primary analysis. The data has been analyzed using SPSS. It is along with constructive statistic standard deviation calculations, Pearson correlation coefficients, t-Test, factor analysis, and ANOVA to identify the individuals' differences according to their demographic variables. Besides, version 3.2 of Smart-PLS has been used to evaluate the measurement model, structural model and mediator variable analysis of the study. The study results indicated that there was a positive influence in the relationship of the leadership role and motivation factors of the employees' productivity. Moreover, this study found that there was a positive mediating influence of motivation in the relationship between the leadership role and the employee's productivity. Therefore, these results concluded that the OWS need to pay more attention to the leadership role and motivational factors provided to their employees due to their positive influence on the employees' productivity.