The dissertation aims to clarify the standards set by "Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual property Rights (TRIPS)" to ensure the effective protection of intellectual property rights against violation and infringement. The dissertation, also examine the tools used to enforce that protection and the role of the legislation in the sultanate of Oman to provide a protection which members of TRIPS are bound to provide. The desperation examine the following matters: 1. What are the standards of protection TRIPS members are bound to provide to protect intellectual property rights? 2. Did the Omani legislation comply with the rules of the TRIPS? 3. Does the current Omani legislations need modifications to comply with Trips standards of protection? To answer these questions, the researcher divided the dissertation into four main chapters. The first three chapters examining the standards set by the TRIPS agreement to protect literary and artistic property rights, as well as the protection of industrial property rights and commercial property rights, by studying the legislative rules provide legal protection for intellectual property rights. The last chapter examine the provisions established by the TRIPS Agreement to implement the legal protection of intellectual property rights. Also, the chapter inspect the attitude of the Omani legislations regarding these provisions. Furthermore the last chapter shows the procedural rules used by Omani legislator to ensure legal protection for Intellectual Property Rights. The dissertation terminated with many results including the followings: 1. Omani legislator has excessed due diligence to provide legal protection for intellectual property rights, by modifying many national legislations or issuing new rules comply with TRIPS standards of protection. 2. A few Omani Laws need modifications to ensure the harmonization between Omani legislations and the requirements of TRIPS agreement to protect intellectual property rights. 3. Issuance of the legislation protecting fair competition and prevent monopolization in Oman. Plays an important role to control non-competitive practices in the field of intellectual property rights.