This study aims to define the level of quality of teaching performance for social studies teachers in basic education in the Sultanate of Oman in light of the requirements of a knowledge economy. To achieve the objectives of the study and answer its questions, the researcher developed two research instruments; the first one aimed to create a list of the requirements of the knowledge economy. The final form of this list consisted of thirty-two (32) items, distributed over four (4) fields, and each field has eight (8) items. The second instrument aimed to develop a scale to measure the quality level of teaching performance for the social studies teachers in light of knowledge economy requirements. The final form of this scale consisted of thirty-two (32) phrase distributed over four (4) fields, and each field has eight (8) items. The researcher validated the Reliability and Validity of the instruments, then applied them, depending on the surveying descriptive approach, on a sample of a hundred and ten (110) male and female teachers of the social studies at the basic education stage who were selected based on a simple random approach. In this study, the researcher concluded the following findings: - The level of quality of teaching performance for the social studies teachers at the basic education in the sultanate of Oman in light of knowledge economy requirements was high. - There are no statistically significant difference at the significance level of (a ≤ 0.05) among the mathematical averages for the level of quality of teaching performance of the social studies teachers in light of the requirements of knowledge economy attributed to the gender in three fields; (The field of learning and teaching techniques and means of communication - the field of educational and learning activities - the field of evaluation). However, the finding of the study uncovered that there are statistically significant difference at the significance level of (a ≤ 0.05) among the mathematical averages for the level of quality of teaching performance of the social studies teachers in light of the requirements of knowledge economy attributed to the gender in on field only; (The field of teaching strategies and methods) in favor of female teachers. - There are no statistically significant difference at the significance level of (a ≤ 0.05) among the mathematical averages for the level of quality of teaching performance of the social studies teachers in light of the requirements of knowledge economy attributed to the variables of (scientific specialization and years of experience) in the four fields of the scale individually and collectively. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher suggests some recommendations, the most important of which are: Inclusion of preparation programs for social studies teachers with the requirements of the knowledge economy to familiarize them with its nature and raise their level of awareness of its scientific and technical data. In addition, to hold specialized training courses and workshops for social studies teachers to support them with the teaching skills required by the knowledge economy. In addition to providing a supportive educational environment for social studies teachers, which contributes to activating their roles to ensure the achievement of the requirements of the knowledge economy.