The study aimed to reveal the level of job burnout among the principals of public schools in the Sultanate of Oman and the level of their occupational self-efficacy, it also aimed to determine the relationship between the two factors, and the differences between them according to the variables of gender, experience, and educational stage. The study was implemented on a sample of (125) males and females principals from both cycle one and cycle two schools in addition to post basic schools (10-12) in the Sultanate of Oman. The descriptive correlative approach was employed through the application of a questionnaire consisting of two scales, the first measured the job burnout and included three dimensions (emotional stress - dullness of feelings - a sense of lack of achievement), and the second measured the occupational self-efficacy and included six items. The study led to several results, including: 1. The degree of burnout among public school principals in the Sultanate of Oman was moderate. 2. The degree of occupational self-efficacy of school principals in the Sultanate of Oman was high. 3. Occupational self-efficacy affects dimensions of job burnout among school principals in the Sultanate of Oman. The study suggested several recommendations, including: 1. Including topics and strategies related to job burnout and occupational self-efficacy in the preparation training programs of principals of public schools in the Sultanate of Oman with the aim of raising their efficiency. 2. Improving the work environment in public schools considering aspects related to the administrative and educational sides as well as considering the needs of workers and their empowerment.