This study aimed at exploring the degree of Muscat Governorate school principals practice of situational control according to Fiedler's theory in situational leadership. The study also aimed at exploring the differences in the average response of individuals in a sample according to the following variables: gender, job title, years of experience and qualification. In order to achieve the objectives set out in the study, a descriptive approach was used. A scale of 40 items was developed and administered to a sample of 322 school principals, assistant principals, and senior teachers. Data collected from participles was analyse by SPSS. The findings of this study were as follows: the degree of Muscat Governorate schools principals practice of situational control according to Fiedler's theory in the situational leadership was found to be high. The leader's relationship with his/her subordinates came first with a high degree of practice. The leader's ability to organize the tasks was found to be second with a high degree of practice too. The strength of the leader's position subscale came third with a high degree of practice. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (α0.05) in all study due to the gender (male / female) ) it favoured for females. The study found that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (α0.05) due to the scientific qualification (Bachelor / Master and above) in all study subscale. Also, The study found that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (α0.05) due to years of experience (1 to 10 years / 11 years and above). Finally, the study found that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (α0.05) due to the job title (principal / assistant principal /senior teacher) . Base on findings some recommendations were made as follows: The need to provide training for school principals according to the plans of professional development and training in the directorate. The training should cover the methods of preparing booklets that explain the ways of implementing the tasks to their subordinates, including the procedures, processes and expected results in quantitative and descriptive form. Finally, The study recommended the reconsideration of giving the principals direct authorities to recommend the promotion of qualified subordinates according to certain legal mechanisms.