The study aims to explore the degree of Job stress and work adjustment, and identify the nature of relationship between them, along with offering suggestions to improve work adjustment among principals of basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman. The descriptive approach was adopted by collecting quantitative data using two measures, one for Job stress and the other for work adjustment. The Work stress scale contains (31) statements, distributed on seven dimensions, while the work adjustment survey contains (24) statements, distributed over three dimensions. To verify the suitability of the tool, the psychometric properties of the tool (validity and reliability) were used, using both: the face validity by investigating the opinions of the referees and the internal validity of the statements and dimensions through Pearson's coefficient. The internal consistency was measured by Alpha Cronbach. The results indicated that the measures prepared for the study are characterized by a very high degree of validity and reliability. The sample constituted (318) individuals, which is (41%) of the size of the study population of (777) individuals. Quantitative data was analyzed by calculating averages and standard deviations. The results showed that the degree of Job stress on each of its dimensions was of a moderate degree, except for (increased work burden dimension, and the dimension of large responsibilities, which both came in a high degree. On the other hand, the degree of work adjustment came in a high degree in all dimensions, except for the dimension: (the relationship with officials and work colleagues), which was very high among principals of basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman. The study showed that there is an inverse correlation of statistical significance between work stress and work adjustment. Based on the results of the field study, a number of proposed mechanisms were suggested to improve the work adjustment of principals of basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman, buy reducing Job stress. The study concluded with proposing a number of related future studies and research.